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Excel Functions Reference List & Videos

Find the Excel function you need in the interactive list below. Also, watch short Excel function videos, and find popular Excel function tutorials, here on the Contextures site.

Excel functions videos and reference list

7 Ways to Sum in Excel

The first Excel calculation that most people try is adding two or more numbers with the SUM function. After you have that skill mastered, you're ready to discover some of the other ways you can add things up in Excel.

For a quick overview of 7 different ways to sum numbers with Excel functions, you can watch this 9-minute video.

There are written steps and more videos on the How to Sum in Excel page, along with sample files to download for Excel skills practice..

7 Ways to Count in Excel

Another key calculation in Excel is counting things. Do you need to count numbers only, or do you want to count any type of data? How can you count things based on one or more criteria?

To see a quick overview of 7 ways to get a total count of cells in Excel, watch this short video.

There are written steps and more videos on the How to Count in Excel page, along with sample files to download for Excel skills practice.

Excel Lookup Functions

When you have to do a lookup in Excel, such as finding the price for a product, which is the best lookup function to use in Microsoft Excel?

If you're not sure, head to the Excel Lookup Functions Comparison page, to see an overview, and get advice. There are notes on these functions: XLOOKUP, VLOOKUP, HLOOKUP, LOOKUP, INDEX, MATCH, and OFFSET

For example, this video shows how to make a VLOOKUP formula that finds a product price. The written steps are on the Excel VLOOKUP Examples page, along with other videos, examples, and Excel files to download..

Interactive Excel Functions List

Below is an interactive list of all the Excel functions.

Click a heading cell, to sort by that column.
Change the number of items shown per page
Type in the Search box to filter the list.
Click the links for more information on a specific function.

Function	Category	Version Added	Description
ABS	Math Trig		Returns the absolute value of a number
ACCRINT	Financial		Returns the accrued interest for a security that pays periodic interest
ACCRINTM	Financial		Returns the accrued interest for a security that pays interest at maturity
ACOS	Math Trig		Returns the arccosine of a number
ACOSH	Math Trig		Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of a number
ACOT	Math Trig	2013	Returns the arccotangent of a number
ACOTH	Math Trig	2013	Returns the hyperbolic arccotangent of a number
ADDRESS	Lookup Ref		Returns a reference as text to a single cell in a worksheet
AGGREGATE	Math Trig	2010	Returns an aggregate in a list or database
AMORDEGRC	Financial		Returns the depreciation for each accounting period by using a depreciation coefficient
AMORLINC	Financial		Returns the depreciation for each accounting period
AND	Logical		Returns TRUE if all of its arguments are TRUE
ARABIC	Math Trig	2013	Converts a Roman number to Arabic, as a number
AREAS	Lookup Ref		Returns the number of areas in a reference
ASC	Text		Changes full-width (double-byte) English letters or katakana within a character string to half-width (single-byte) characters
ASIN	Math Trig		Returns the arcsine of a number
ASINH	Math Trig		Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of a number
ATAN	Math Trig		Returns the arctangent of a number
ATAN2	Math Trig		Returns the arctangent from x- and y-coordinates
ATANH	Math Trig		Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of a number
AVEDEV	Statistical		Returns the average of the absolute deviations of data points from their mean
AVERAGE	Statistical		Returns the average of its arguments
AVERAGEA	Statistical		Returns the average of its arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values
AVERAGEIF	Statistical	2007	Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of all the cells in a range that meet a given criteria
AVERAGEIFS	Statistical	2007	Returns the average (arithmetic mean) of all cells that meet multiple criteria.
BAHTTEXT	Text		Converts a number to text, using the ß (baht) currency format
BASE	Math Trig	2013	Converts a number into a text representation with the given radix (base)
BESSELI	Eng		Returns the modified Bessel function In(x)
BESSELJ	Eng		Returns the Bessel function Jn(x)
BESSELK	Eng		Returns the modified Bessel function Kn(x)
BESSELY	Eng		Returns the Bessel function Yn(x)
BETA.DIST	Statistical		Returns the beta cumulative distribution function
BETA.INV	Statistical		Returns the inverse of the cumulative distribution function for a specified beta distribution
BETADIST	Statistical		Returns the beta cumulative distribution function
BETAINV	Statistical		Returns the inverse of the cumulative distribution function for a specified beta distribution
BIN2DEC	Eng		Converts a binary number to decimal
BIN2HEX	Eng		Converts a binary number to hexadecimal
BIN2OCT	Eng		Converts a binary number to octal
BINOM.DIST	Statistical		Returns the individual term binomial distribution probability
BINOM.DIST.RANGE	Statistical	2013	Returns the probability of a trial result using a binomial distribution
BINOM.INV	Statistical		Returns the smallest value for which the cumulative binomial distribution is less than or equal to a criterion value
BINOMDIST	Statistical		Returns the individual term binomial distribution probability
BITAND	Eng	2013	Returns a 'Bitwise And' of two numbers
BITLSHIFT	Eng	2013	Returns a value number shifted left by shift_amount bits
BITOR	Eng	2013	Returns a bitwise OR of 2 numbers
BITRSHIFT	Eng	2013	Returns a value number shifted right by shift_amount bits
BITXOR	Eng	2013	Returns a bitwise 'Exclusive Or' of two numbers
CALL	Add-in and Automation		Calls a procedure in a dynamic link library or code resource
CEILING	Math Trig		Rounds a number to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance
CEILING.MATH	Math Trig	2013	Rounds a number up, to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance
CEILING.PRECISE	Math Trig	2010	Rounds a number the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance. Regardless of the sign of the number, the number is rounded up.
CELL	Info		Returns Info about the formatting, location, or contents of a cell
CHAR	Text		Returns the character specified by the code number
CHIDIST	Statistical		Returns the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution
CHIINV	Statistical		Returns the inverse of the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution
CHISQ.DIST	Statistical	2010	Returns the cumulative beta probability density function
CHISQ.DIST.RT	Statistical		Returns the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution
CHISQ.INV	Statistical	2010	Returns the cumulative beta probability density function
CHISQ.INV.RT	Statistical		Returns the inverse of the one-tailed probability of the chi-squared distribution
CHISQ.TEST	Statistical		Returns the test for independence
CHITEST	Statistical		Returns the test for independence
CHOOSE	Lookup Ref		Chooses a value from a list of values
CLEAN	Text		Removes all nonprintable characters from text
CODE	Text		Returns a numeric code for the first character in a text string
COLUMN	Lookup Ref		Returns the column number of a reference
COLUMNS	Lookup Ref		Returns the number of columns in a reference
COMBIN	Math Trig		Returns the number of combinations for a given number of objects
COMBINA	Math Trig	2013	Returns the number of combinations with repetitions for a given number of items
COMPLEX	Eng		Converts real and imaginary coefficients into a complex number
CONCAT	Text	2019	Combines the text from multiple ranges and/or strings, but it doesn't provide the delimiter or IgnoreEmpty arguments.
CONCATENATE	Text		Joins several text items into one text item
CONFIDENCE	Statistical		Returns the confidence interval for a population mean
CONFIDENCE.NORM	Statistical		Returns the confidence interval for a population mean
CONFIDENCE.T	Statistical	2010	Returns the confidence interval for a population mean, using a Student's t distribution
CONVERT	Eng		Converts a number from one measurement system to another
CORREL	Statistical		Returns the correlation coefficient between two data sets
COS	Math Trig		Returns the cosine of a number
COSH	Math Trig		Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number
COT	Math Trig	2013	Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number
COTH	Math Trig	2013	Returns the cotangent of an angle
COUNT	Statistical		Counts how many numbers are in the list of arguments
COUNTA	Statistical		Counts how many values are in the list of arguments
COUNTBLANK	Statistical		Counts the number of blank cells within a range
COUNTIF	Statistical		Counts the number of cells within a range that meet the given criteria
COUNTIFS	Statistical	2007	Counts the number of cells within a range that meet multiple criteria
COUPDAYBS	Financial		Returns the number of days from the beginning of the coupon period to the settlement date
COUPDAYS	Financial		Returns the number of days in the coupon period that contains the settlement date
COUPDAYSNC	Financial		Returns the number of days from the settlement date to the next coupon date
COUPNCD	Financial		Returns the next coupon date after the settlement date
COUPNUM	Financial		Returns the number of coupons payable between the settlement date and maturity date
COUPPCD	Financial		Returns the previous coupon date before the settlement date
COVAR	Statistical		Returns covariance, the average of the products of paired deviations
COVARIANCE.P	Statistical		Returns covariance, the average of the products of paired deviations
COVARIANCE.S	Statistical	2010	Returns the sample covariance, the average of the products deviations for each data point pair in two data sets
CRITBINOM	Statistical		Returns the smallest value for which the cumulative binomial distribution is less than or equal to a criterion value
CSC	Math Trig	2013	Returns the cosecant of an angle
CSCH	Math Trig	2013	Returns the hyperbolic cosecant of an angle
CUBEKPIMEMBER	Cube	2007	Returns a key performance indicator (KPI) name, property, and measure, and displays the name and property in the cell. A KPI is a quantifiable measurement, such as monthly gross profit or quarterly employee turnover, used to monitor an organization's performance.
CUBEMEMBER	Cube	2007	Returns a member or tuple in a cube hierarchy. Use to validate that the member or tuple exists in the cube.
CUBEMEMBERPROPERTY	Cube	2007	Returns the value of a member property in the cube. Use to validate that a member name exists within the cube and to return the specified property for this member.
CUBERANKEDMEMBER	Cube	2007	Returns the nth, or ranked, member in a set. Use to return one or more elements in a set, such as the top sales performer or top 10 students.
CUBESET	Cube	2007	Defines a calculated set of members or tuples by sending a set expression to the cube on the server, which creates the set, and then returns that set to Microsoft Office Excel.
CUBESETCOUNT	Cube	2007	Returns the number of items in a set.
CUBEVALUE	Cube	2007	Returns an aggregated value from a cube.
CUMIPMT	Financial		Returns the cumulative interest paid between two periods
CUMPRINC	Financial		Returns the cumulative principal paid on a loan between two periods
DATE	Date and time		Returns the serial number of a particular date
DATEVALUE	Date and time		Converts a date in the form of text to a serial number
DAVERAGE	Database		Returns the average of selected database entries
DAY	Date and time		Converts a serial number to a day of the month
DAYS	Date and time	2013	Returns the number of days between two dates
DAYS360	Date and time		Calculates the number of days between two dates based on a 360-day year
DB	Financial		Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified period by using the fixed-declining balance method
DCOUNT	Database		Counts the cells that contain numbers in a database
DCOUNTA	Database		Counts nonblank cells in a database
DDB	Financial		Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified period by using the double-declining balance method or some other method that you specify
DEC2BIN	Eng		Converts a decimal number to binary
DEC2HEX	Eng		Converts a decimal number to hexadecimal
DEC2OCT	Eng		Converts a decimal number to octal
DECIMAL	Math Trig	2013	Converts a text representation of a number in a given base into a decimal number
DEGREES	Math Trig		Converts radians to degrees
DELTA	Eng		Tests whether two values are equal
DEVSQ	Statistical		Returns the sum of squares of deviations
DGET	Database		Extracts from a database a single record that matches the specified criteria
DISC	Financial		Returns the discount rate for a security
DMAX	Database		Returns the maximum value from selected database entries
DMIN	Database		Returns the minimum value from selected database entries
DOLLAR	Text		Converts a number to text, using the $ (dollar) currency format
DOLLARDE	Financial		Converts a dollar price, expressed as a fraction, into a dollar price, expressed as a decimal number
DOLLARFR	Financial		Converts a dollar price, expressed as a decimal number, into a dollar price, expressed as a fraction
DPRODUCT	Database		Multiplies the values in a particular field of records that match the criteria in a database
DSTDEV	Database		Estimates the standard deviation based on a sample of selected database entries
DSTDEVP	Database		Calculates the standard deviation based on the entire population of selected database entries
DSUM	Database		Adds the numbers in the field column of records in the database that match the criteria
DURATION	Financial		Returns the annual duration of a security with periodic interest payments
DVAR	Database		Estimates variance based on a sample from selected database entries
DVARP	Database		Calculates variance based on the entire population of selected database entries
Dynamic Arrays	Dynamic Arrays		Create dynamic lists to use for dependent data validation, with UNIQUE, SORT, FILTER
EDATE	Date and time		Returns the serial number of the date that is the indicated number of months before or after the start date
EFFECT	Financial		Returns the effective annual interest rate
ENCODEURL	Web	2013	Returns a URL-encoded string
EOMONTH	Date and time		Returns the serial number of the last day of the month before or after a specified number of months
ERF	Eng		Returns the error function
ERF.PRECISE	Eng	2010	Returns the error function
ERFC	Eng		Returns the complementary error function
ERFC.PRECISE	Eng	2010	Returns the complementary ERF function integrated between x and infinity
ERROR.TYPE	Info		Returns a number corresponding to an error type
EUROCONVERT	Add-in and Automation		Converts a number to euros, converts a number from euros to a euro member currency, or converts a number from one euro member currency to another by using the euro as an intermediary (triangulation).
EVEN	Math Trig		Rounds a number up to the nearest even integer
EXACT	Text		Checks to see if two text values are identical
EXP	Math Trig		Returns e raised to the power of a given number
EXPON.DIST	Statistical		Returns the exponential distribution
EXPONDIST	Statistical		Returns the exponential distribution
F.DIST	Statistical	2010	Returns the F probability distribution
F.DIST.RT	Statistical		Returns the F probability distribution
F.INV	Statistical	2010	Returns the inverse of the F probability distribution
F.INV.RT	Statistical		Returns the inverse of the F probability distribution
F.TEST	Statistical		Returns the result of an F-test
FACT	Math Trig		Returns the factorial of a number
FACTDOUBLE	Math Trig		Returns the double factorial of a number
FALSE	Logical		Returns the logical value FALSE
FDIST	Statistical		Returns the F probability distribution
FILTER	Lookup Ref	O365	Filters a range of data based on criteria you define
FILTERXML	Web	2013	Returns specific data from the XML content by using the specified XPath
FIND, FINDB	Text		Finds one text value within another (case-sensitive)
FINV	Statistical		Returns the inverse of the F probability distribution
FISHER	Statistical		Returns the Fisher transformation
FISHERINV	Statistical		Returns the inverse of the Fisher transformation
FIXED	Text		Formats a number as text with a fixed number of decimals
FLOOR	Math Trig		Rounds a number down, toward zero
FLOOR.MATH	Math Trig	2013	Rounds a number down, to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance
FLOOR. PRECISE	Math Trig	2010	Rounds a number the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance. Regardless of the sign of the number, the number is rounded up.
FORECAST	Statistical		Returns a value along a linear trend
FORECAST. ETS	Stat	2016	Returns a future value based on existing (historical) values by using the AAA version of the Exponential Smoothing (ETS) algorithm
FORECAST. ETS. CONFINT	Stat	2016	Returns a confidence interval for the forecast value at the specified target date
FORECAST. ETS. SEASONALITY	Stat	2016	Returns the length of the repetitive pattern Excel detects for the specified time series
FORECAST. ETS. STAT	Stat	2016	Returns a statistical value as a result of time series forecasting
FORECAST. LINEAR	Stat	2016	Returns a future value based on existing values
IFS	Logical	2019	Checks whether one or more conditions are met and returns a value that corresponds to the first TRUE condition.
FORMULATEXT	Lookup Ref	2013	Returns the formula at the given reference as text
FREQUENCY	Statistical		Returns a frequency distribution as a vertical array
FTEST	Statistical		Returns the result of an F-test
FV	Financial		Returns the future value of an investment
FVSCHEDULE	Financial		Returns the future value of an initial principal after applying a series of compound interest rates
GAMMA	Statistical	2013	Returns the Gamma function value
GAMMA.DIST	Statistical		Returns the gamma distribution
GAMMA.INV	Statistical		Returns the inverse of the gamma cumulative distribution
GAMMADIST	Statistical		Returns the gamma distribution
GAMMAINV	Statistical		Returns the inverse of the gamma cumulative distribution
GAMMALN	Statistical		Returns the natural logarithm of the gamma function, ?(x)
GAMMALN. PRECISE	Statistical	2010	Returns the natural logarithm of the gamma function, ?(x)
GAUSS	Statistical	2013	Returns 0.5 less than the standard normal cumulative distribution
GCD	Math Trig		Returns the greatest common divisor
GEOMEAN	Statistical		Returns the geometric mean
GESTEP	Eng		Tests whether a number is greater than a threshold value
GETPIVOTDATA	Add-in and Automation		Returns data stored in a PivotTable report
GROWTH	Statistical		Returns values along an exponential trend
HARMEAN	Statistical		Returns the harmonic mean
HEX2BIN	Eng		Converts a hexadecimal number to binary
HEX2DEC	Eng		Converts a hexadecimal number to decimal
HEX2OCT	Eng		Converts a hexadecimal number to octal
HLOOKUP	Lookup Ref		Looks in the top row of an array and returns the value of the indicated cell
HOUR	Date and time		Converts a serial number to an hour
HYPERLINK	Lookup Ref		Creates a shortcut or jump that opens a document stored on a network server, an intranet, or the Internet
HYPGEOM.DIST	Statistical		Returns the hypergeometric distribution
HYPGEOMDIST	Statistical		Returns the hypergeometric distribution
IF	Logical		Specifies a logical test to perform
IFERROR	Logical	2007	Returns a value you specify if a formula evaluates to an error; otherwise, returns the result of the formula
IFNA	Logical	2013	Returns the value you specify if the expression resolves to #N/A, otherwise returns the result of the expression
IMABS	Eng		Returns the absolute value (modulus) of a complex number
IMAGINARY	Eng		Returns the imaginary coefficient of a complex number
IMARGUMENT	Eng		Returns the argument theta, an angle expressed in radians
IMCONJUGATE	Eng		Returns the complex conjugate of a complex number
IMCOS	Eng		Returns the cosine of a complex number
IMCOSH	Eng	2013	Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a complex number
IMCOT	Eng	2013	Returns the cotangent of a complex number
IMCSC	Eng	2013	Returns the cosecant of a complex number
IMCSCH	Eng	2013	Returns the hyperbolic cosecant of a complex number
IMDIV	Eng		Returns the quotient of two complex numbers
IMEXP	Eng		Returns the exponential of a complex number
IMLN	Eng		Returns the natural logarithm of a complex number
IMLOG10	Eng		Returns the base-10 logarithm of a complex number
IMLOG2	Eng		Returns the base-2 logarithm of a complex number
IMPOWER	Eng		Returns a complex number raised to an integer power
IMPRODUCT	Eng		Returns the product of complex numbers
IMREAL	Eng		Returns the real coefficient of a complex number
IMSEC	Eng	2013	Returns the secant of a complex number
IMSECH	Eng	2013	Returns the hyperbolic secant of a complex number
IMSIN	Eng		Returns the sine of a complex number
IMSINH	Eng	2013	Returns the hyperbolic sine of a complex number
IMSQRT	Eng		Returns the square root of a complex number
IMSUB	Eng		Returns the difference between two complex numbers
IMSUM	Eng		Returns the sum of complex numbers
IMTAN	Eng	2013	Returns the tangent of a complex number
INDEX	Lookup Ref		Uses an index to choose a value from a reference or array
INDIRECT	Lookup Ref		Returns a reference indicated by a text value
INFO	Info		Returns Info about the current operating environment
INT	Math Trig		Rounds a number down to the nearest integer
INTERCEPT	Statistical		Returns the intercept of the linear regression line
INTRATE	Financial		Returns the interest rate for a fully invested security
IPMT	Financial		Returns the interest payment for an investment for a given period
IRR	Financial		Returns the internal rate of return for a series of cash flows
ISBLANK	Info		Returns TRUE if the value is blank
ISERR	Info		Returns TRUE if the value is any error value except #N/A
ISERROR	Info		Returns TRUE if the value is any error value
ISEVEN	Info		Returns TRUE if the number is even
ISFORMULA	Info	2013	Returns TRUE if there is a reference to a cell that contains a formula
ISLOGICAL	Info		Returns TRUE if the value is a logical value
ISNA	Info		Returns TRUE if the value is the #N/A error value
ISNONTEXT	Info		Returns TRUE if the value is not text
ISNUMBER	Info		Returns TRUE if the value is a number
ISO.CEILING	Math Trig	2010	Returns a number that is rounded up to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance
ISODD	Info		Returns TRUE if the number is odd
ISOWEEKNUM	Date and time	2013	Returns the number of the ISO week number of the year for a given date
ISPMT	Financial		Calculates the interest paid during a specific period of an investment
ISREF	Info		Returns TRUE if the value is a reference
ISTEXT	Info		Returns TRUE if the value is text
JIS	Text		Changes half-width (single-byte) English letters or katakana within a character string to full-width (double-byte) characters
KURT	Statistical		Returns the kurtosis of a data set
LARGE	Statistical		Returns the k-th largest value in a data set
LCM	Math Trig		Returns the least common multiple
LEFT, LEFTB	Text		Returns the leftmost characters from a text value
LEN, LENB	Text		Returns the number of characters in a text string
LINEST	Statistical		Returns the parameters of a linear trend
LN	Math Trig		Returns the natural logarithm of a number
LOG	Math Trig		Returns the logarithm of a number to a specified base
LOG10	Math Trig		Returns the base-10 logarithm of a number
LOGEST	Statistical		Returns the parameters of an exponential trend
LOGINV	Statistical		Returns the inverse of the lognormal cumulative distribution
LOGNORM.DIST	Statistical		Returns the cumulative lognormal distribution
LOGNORM.INV	Statistical		Returns the inverse of the lognormal cumulative distribution
LOGNORMDIST	Statistical		Returns the cumulative lognormal distribution
LOOKUP	Lookup Ref		Looks up values in a vector or array
LOWER	Text		Converts text to lowercase
MATCH	Lookup Ref		Looks up values in a reference or array
MAX	Statistical		Returns the maximum value in a list of arguments
MAXA	Statistical		Returns the maximum value in a list of arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values
MAXIFS	Stat	2019	Returns the maximum value among cells specified by a given set of conditions or criteria
MDETERM	Math Trig		Returns the matrix determinant of an array
MDURATION	Financial		Returns the Macauley modified duration for a security with an assumed par value of $100
MEDIAN	Statistical		Returns the median of the given numbers
MID, MIDB	Text		Returns a specific number of characters from a text string starting at the position you specify
MIN	Statistical		Returns the minimum value in a list of arguments
MINA	Statistical		Returns the smallest value in a list of arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values
MINIFS	Stat	2019	Returns the minimum value among cells specified by a given set of conditions or criteria.
MINUTE	Date and time		Converts a serial number to a minute
MINVERSE	Math Trig		Returns the matrix inverse of an array
MIRR	Financial		Returns the internal rate of return where positive and negative cash flows are financed at different rates
MMULT	Math Trig		Returns the matrix product of two arrays
MOD	Math Trig		Returns the remainder from division
MODE	Statistical		Returns the most common value in a data set
MODE.MULT	Statistical	2010	Returns a vertical array of the most frequently occurring, or repetitive values in an array or range of data
MODE.SNGL	Statistical		Returns the most common value in a data set
MONTH	Date and time		Converts a serial number to a month
MROUND	Math Trig		Returns a number rounded to the desired multiple
MULTINOMIAL	Math Trig		Returns the multinomial of a set of numbers
MUNIT	Math Trig	2013	Returns the unit matrix or the specified dimension
N	Info		Returns a value converted to a number
NA	Info		Returns the error value #N/A
NEGBINOM.DIST	Statistical		Returns the negative binomial distribution
NEGBINOMDIST	Statistical		Returns the negative binomial distribution
NETWORKDAYS	Date and time		Returns the number of whole workdays between two dates
NETWORKDAYS.INTL	Date and time	2010	Returns the number of whole workdays between two dates using parameters to indicate which and how many days are weekend days
NOMINAL	Financial		Returns the annual nominal interest rate
NORM.DIST	Statistical		Returns the normal cumulative distribution
NORM.INV	Statistical		Returns the inverse of the normal cumulative distribution
NORM.S.DIST	Statistical		Returns the standard normal cumulative distribution
NORM.S.INV	Statistical		Returns the inverse of the standard normal cumulative distribution
NORMDIST	Statistical		Returns the normal cumulative distribution
NORMINV	Statistical		Returns the inverse of the normal cumulative distribution
NORMSDIST	Statistical		Returns the standard normal cumulative distribution
NORMSINV	Statistical		Returns the inverse of the standard normal cumulative distribution
NOT	Logical		Reverses the logic of its argument
NOW	Date and time		Returns the serial number of the current date and time
NPER	Financial		Returns the number of periods for an investment
NPV	Financial		Returns the net present value of an investment based on a series of periodic cash flows and a discount rate
NUMBERVALUE	Text	2013	Converts text to number in a locale-independent manner
OCT2BIN	Eng		Converts an octal number to binary
OCT2DEC	Eng		Converts an octal number to decimal
OCT2HEX	Eng		Converts an octal number to hexadecimal
ODD	Math Trig		Rounds a number up to the nearest odd integer
ODDFPRICE	Financial		Returns the price per $100 face value of a security with an odd first period
ODDFYIELD	Financial		Returns the yield of a security with an odd first period
ODDLPRICE	Financial		Returns the price per $100 face value of a security with an odd last period
ODDLYIELD	Financial		Returns the yield of a security with an odd last period
OFFSET	Lookup Ref		Returns a reference offset from a given reference
OR	Logical		Returns TRUE if any argument is TRUE
PDURATION	Financial	2013	Returns the number of periods required by an investment to reach a specified value
PEARSON	Statistical		Returns the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient
PERCENTILE	Statistical		Returns the k-th percentile of values in a range
PERCENTILE.EXC	Statistical	2010	Returns the k-th percentile of values in a range, where k is in the range 0..1, exclusive
PERCENTILE.INC	Statistical		Returns the k-th percentile of values in a range
PERCENTRANK	Statistical		Returns the percentage rank of a value in a data set
PERCENTRANK.EXC	Statistical	2010	Returns the rank of a value in a data set as a percentage (0..1, exclusive) of the data set
PERCENTRANK.INC	Statistical		Returns the percentage rank of a value in a data set
PERMUT	Statistical		Returns the number of permutations for a given number of objects
PERMUTATIONA	Statistical	2013	Returns the number of permutations for a given number of objects (with repetitions) that can be selected from the total objects
PHI	Statistical	2013	Returns the value of the density function for a standard normal distribution
PHONETIC	Text		Extracts the phonetic (furigana) characters from a text string
PI	Math Trig		Returns the value of pi
PMT	Financial		Returns the periodic payment for an annuity
POISSON	Statistical		Returns the Poisson distribution
POISSON.DIST	Statistical		Returns the Poisson distribution
POWER	Math Trig		Returns the result of a number raised to a power
PPMT	Financial		Returns the payment on the principal for an investment for a given period
PRICE	Financial		Returns the price per $100 face value of a security that pays periodic interest
PRICEDISC	Financial		Returns the price per $100 face value of a discounted security
PRICEMAT	Financial		Returns the price per $100 face value of a security that pays interest at maturity
PROB	Statistical		Returns the probability that values in a range are between two limits
PRODUCT	Math Trig		Multiplies its arguments
PROPER	Text		Capitalizes the first letter in each word of a text value
PV	Financial		Returns the present value of an investment
QUARTILE	Statistical		Returns the quartile of a data set
QUARTILE.EXC	Statistical	2010	Returns the quartile of the data set, based on percentile values from 0..1, exclusive
QUARTILE.INC	Statistical		Returns the quartile of a data set
QUOTIENT	Math Trig		Returns the integer portion of a division
RADIANS	Math Trig		Converts degrees to radians
RAND	Math Trig		Returns a random number between 0 and 1
RANDARRAY	Math Trig	O365	Returns an array of random numbers between 0 and 1. However, you can specify the number of rows and columns to fill, minimum and maximum values, and whether to return whole numbers or decimal values.
RANDBETWEEN	Math Trig		Returns a random number between the numbers you specify
RANK	Statistical		Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers
RANK.AVG	Statistical	2010	Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers
RANK.EQ	Statistical		Returns the rank of a number in a list of numbers
RATE	Financial		Returns the interest rate per period of an annuity
RECEIVED	Financial		Returns the amount received at maturity for a fully invested security
REGISTER.ID	Add-in and Automation		Returns the register ID of the specified dynamic link library (DLL) or code resource that has been previously registered
REPLACE, REPLACEB	Text		Replaces characters within text
REPT	Text		Repeats text a given number of times
RIGHT, RIGHTB	Text		Returns the rightmost characters from a text value
ROMAN	Math Trig		Converts an arabic numeral to roman, as text
ROUND	Math Trig		Rounds a number to a specified number of digits
ROUNDDOWN	Math Trig		Rounds a number down, toward zero
ROUNDUP	Math Trig		Rounds a number up, away from zero
ROW	Lookup Ref		Returns the row number of a reference
ROWS	Lookup Ref		Returns the number of rows in a reference
RRI	Financial	2013	Returns an equivalent interest rate for the growth of an investment
RSQ	Statistical		Returns the square of the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient
RTD	Lookup Ref		Retrieves real-time data from a program that supports COM automation
SEARCH	Text		Finds one text value within another (not case-sensitive)
SEC	Math Trig	2013	Returns the secant of an angle
SECH	Math Trig	2013	Returns the hyperbolic secant of an angle
SECOND	Date and time		Converts a serial number to a second
SEQUENCE	Math Trig	O365	Generates a list of sequential numbers in an array, such as 1, 2, 3, 4
SERIESSUM	Math Trig		Returns the sum of a power series based on the formula
SHEET	Info	2013	Returns the sheet number of the referenced sheet
SHEETS	Info	2013	Returns the number of sheets in a reference
SIGN	Math Trig		Returns the sign of a number
SIN	Math Trig		Returns the sine of the given angle
SINH	Math Trig		Returns the hyperbolic sine of a number
SKEW	Statistical		Returns the skewness of a distribution
SKEW.P	Statistical	2013	Returns the skewness of a distribution based on a population; a characterization of the degree of asymmetry of a distribution around its mean
SLN	Financial		Returns the straight-line depreciation of an asset for one period
SLOPE	Statistical		Returns the slope of the linear regression line
SMALL	Statistical		Returns the k-th smallest value in a data set
SORT	Lookup Ref	O365	Sorts the contents of a range or array
SORTBY	Lookup Ref	O365	Sorts the contents of a range or array based on the values in a corresponding range or array
SQL.REQUEST	Add-in and Automation		Connects with an external data source and runs a query from a worksheet, then returns the result as an array without the need for macro programming
SQRT	Math Trig		Returns a positive square root
SQRTPI	Math Trig		Returns the square root of (number * pi)
STANDARDIZE	Statistical		Returns a normalized value
STDEV	Statistical		Estimates standard deviation based on a sample
STDEV.P	Statistical		Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population
STDEV.S	Statistical		Estimates standard deviation based on a sample
STDEVA	Statistical		Estimates standard deviation based on a sample, including numbers, text, and logical values
STDEVP	Statistical		Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population
STDEVPA	Statistical		Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population, including numbers, text, and logical values
STEYX	Statistical		Returns the standard error of the predicted y-value for each x in the regression
SUBSTITUTE	Text		Substitutes new text for old text in a text string
SUBTOTAL	Math Trig		Returns a subtotal in a list or database
SUM	Math Trig		Adds its arguments
SUMIF	Math Trig		Adds the cells specified by a given criteria
SUMIFS	Math Trig	2007	Adds the cells in a range that meet multiple criteria
SUMPRODUCT	Math Trig		Returns the sum of the products of corresponding array components
SUMSQ	Math Trig		Returns the sum of the squares of the arguments
SUMX2MY2	Math Trig		Returns the sum of the difference of squares of corresponding values in two arrays
SUMX2PY2	Math Trig		Returns the sum of the sum of squares of corresponding values in two arrays
SUMXMY2	Math Trig		Returns the sum of squares of differences of corresponding values in two arrays
SWITCH	Logical	2016	Evaluates an expression against a list of values and returns the result corresponding to the first matching value. If there is no match, an optional default value may be returned.
SYD	Financial		Returns the sum-of-years' digits depreciation of an asset for a specified period
T	Text		Converts its arguments to text
T.DIST	Statistical	2010	Returns the Percentage Points (probability) for the Student t-distribution
T.DIST.2T	Statistical		Returns the Percentage Points (probability) for the Student t-distribution
T.DIST.RT	Statistical		Returns the Student's t-distribution
T.INV	Statistical	2010	Returns the t-value of the Student's t-distribution as a function of the probability and the degrees of freedom
T.INV.2T	Statistical		Returns the inverse of the Student's t-distribution
T.TEST	Statistical		Returns the probability associated with a Student's t-test
TAN	Math Trig		Returns the tangent of a number
TANH	Math Trig		Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a number
TBILLEQ	Financial		Returns the bond-equivalent yield for a Treasury bill
TBILLPRICE	Financial		Returns the price per $100 face value for a Treasury bill
TBILLYIELD	Financial		Returns the yield for a Treasury bill
TDIST	Statistical		Returns the Student's t-distribution
TEXT	Text		Formats a number and converts it to text
TEXTAFTER	Text	O365	Returns text after a specified delimiter
TEXTBEFORE	Text	O365	Returns text before a specified delimiter
TEXTJOIN	Text	2019	Combines the text from multiple ranges and/or strings, and includes a delimiter you specify between each text value that will be combined. If the delimiter is an empty text string, this function will effectively concatenate the ranges.
TEXTSPLIT	Text	O365	split text string into columns, based on delimiter characters
TIME	Date and time		Returns the serial number of a particular time
TIMEVALUE	Date and time		Converts a time in the form of text to a serial number
TINV	Statistical		Returns the inverse of the Student's t-distribution
TODAY	Date and time		Returns the serial number of today's date
TRANSPOSE	Lookup Ref		Returns the transpose of an array
TREND	Statistical		Returns values along a linear trend
TRIM	Text		Removes spaces from text
TRIMMEAN	Statistical		Returns the mean of the interior of a data set
TRUE	Logical		Returns the logical value TRUE
TRUNC	Math Trig		Truncates a number to an integer
TTEST	Statistical		Returns the probability associated with a Student's t-test
TYPE	Info		Returns a number indicating the data type of a value
UNICHAR	Text	2013	Returns the Unicode character that is references by the given numeric value
UNICODE	Text	2013	Returns the number (code point) that corresponds to the first character of the text
UNIQUE	Lookup Ref	O365	Returns a list of unique values in a list or range
UPPER	Text		Converts text to uppercase
VALUE	Text		Converts a text argument to a number
VAR	Statistical		Estimates variance based on a sample
VAR.P	Statistical		Calculates variance based on the entire population
VAR.S	Statistical		Estimates variance based on a sample
VARA	Statistical		Estimates variance based on a sample, including numbers, text, and logical values
VARP	Statistical		Calculates variance based on the entire population
VARPA	Statistical		Calculates variance based on the entire population, including numbers, text, and logical values
VDB	Financial		Returns the depreciation of an asset for a specified or partial period by using a declining balance method
VLOOKUP	Lookup Ref		Looks in the first column of an array and moves across the row to return the value of a cell
WEBSERVICE	Web	2013	Returns data from a web service.
WEEKDAY	Date and time		Converts a serial number to a day of the week
WEEKNUM	Date and time		Converts a serial number to a number representing where the week falls numerically with a year
WEIBULL	Statistical		Calculates variance based on the entire population, including numbers, text, and logical values
WEIBULL.DIST	Statistical		Returns the Weibull distribution
WORKDAY	Date and time		Returns the serial number of the date before or after a specified number of workdays
WORKDAY.INTL	Date and time	2010	Returns the serial number of the date before or after a specified number of workdays using parameters to indicate which and how many days are weekend days
XIRR	Financial		Returns the internal rate of return for a schedule of cash flows that is not necessarily periodic
XLOOKUP	Lookup Ref	O365	Searches a range or an array, and returns an item corresponding to the first match it finds. If a match doesn't exist, then XLOOKUP can return the closest (approximate) match.
XMATCH	Lookup Ref	O365	Returns the relative position of an item in an array or range of cells.
XNPV	Financial		Returns the net present value for a schedule of cash flows that is not necessarily periodic
XOR	Logical	2013	Returns a logical exclusive OR of all arguments
YEAR	Date and time		Converts a serial number to a year
YEARFRAC	Date and time		Returns the year fraction representing the number of whole days between start_date and end_date
YIELD	Financial		Returns the yield on a security that pays periodic interest
YIELDDISC	Financial		Returns the annual yield for a discounted security; for example, a Treasury bill
YIELDMAT	Financial		Returns the annual yield of a security that pays interest at maturity
Z.TEST	Statistical		Returns the one-tailed probability-value of a z-test
ZTEST	Statistical		Returns the one-tailed probability-value of a z-test

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